When installing a disabled access ramp, there are several important factors to consider to ensure it meets the necessary requirements and provides safe and accessible access for individuals with disabilities. Here are some key considerations:
Location and Placement: Assess the location where the ramp will be installed. Consider the available space, the proximity to entrances/exits, the terrain, and any obstacles or potential hazards that may affect the installation or use of the ramp.
Slope and Gradient: Determine the appropriate slope and gradient of the ramp to ensure it is safe and manageable for individuals with disabilities. Local building codes often specify the maximum slope allowed, typically ranging from 1:12 to 1:20 (1 inch of rise for every 12 to 20 inches of horizontal run).
Width and Clearance: The width of the ramp should be wide enough to accommodate individuals using wheelchairs or mobility devices comfortably. A minimum width of 36 inches is typically recommended, while wider ramps allow for easier maneuverability. Ensure there is sufficient clearance at the sides to prevent any obstructions or hazards.
Landings: Install level landings at the top and bottom of the ramp, as well as at any intermediate points if the ramp is long. Landings provide resting areas and allow users to navigate turns safely. The landings should be wide enough to accommodate a wheelchair turning radius (at least 60 inches in diameter).
Handrails: Incorporate handrails on both sides of the ramp for support and stability. Handrails should be at a suitable height (typically between 34 to 38 inches) and have a continuous grip surface. Ensure there are adequate handrails at any intermediate points and that they extend beyond the ramp’s top and bottom landings.
Surface Texture and Slip Resistance: Select a ramp surface that offers sufficient traction to prevent slipping, especially in wet or icy conditions. Textured materials, such as non-slip metal, concrete, or rubber, are commonly used. Avoid materials with high reflectivity to minimize glare.
Lighting: Consider the lighting conditions around the ramp area. Ensure there is adequate illumination to assist users with visual impairments or to navigate during low-light conditions. Install proper lighting fixtures and eliminate any potential shadows or glare that may affect visibility.